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this is bennu one of earth's closest

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planetary neighbors

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an asteroid roughly the height of a

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skyscraper

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a remnant from the dawn of the solar

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system made of carbon-rich rocks and

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boulders

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and since late 2018 the place that

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nasa's osiris-rex mission has called

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home

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when osiris-rex arrived it began

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wrapping bennu in a complex web of

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observations starting with a preliminary

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survey of its size shape mass and spin

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on new year's eve osiris-rex was

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captured into orbit by bennu's minuscule

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gravity making it the smallest world

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ever to be orbited by a spacecraft

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in early 2019 it broke orbit to conduct

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a detailed survey a series of sweeping

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passes allowed osiris-rex to study

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geological features at different

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latitudes and times of day enabling

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stereo imaging and landmark-based

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navigation

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during the detailed survey osiris-rex

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globally mapped bennu at only five

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centimeters per pixel the highest

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resolution of any planetary body

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including earth

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on june 12th the spacecraft entered a

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new orbit at an altitude of just 680

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meters setting another record and

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establishing a home orbit for the

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remainder of the mission

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in september it began reconnaissance on

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four candidate sample collection sites

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potential locations on bennu to touch

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down and collect a sample later in the

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mission

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osiris-rex concluded its first year at

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bennu back in orbit circling the

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asteroid's terminator or boundary

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between day and night

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here outside forces acting on the

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spacecraft are balanced allowing it to

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orbit within the same plane over time

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reconnaissance resumed in early 2020

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with close flyovers of the primary

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sample collection site nightingale and

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the backup site osprey

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in mid-april osiris-rex performed the

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first of two rehearsals prior to sample

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collection it navigated to a

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predetermined checkpoint about 125

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meters above bennu then descendant

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after the checkpoint rehearsal

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osiris-rex flew one final reconnaissance

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sortie over sight osprey then it made a

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series of high-altitude maneuvers while

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rebooting its on-board processor and

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preparing for its second rehearsal of

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on august 11th osiris-rex departed its

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home orbit and made a four-hour traverse

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to bennu's northern hemisphere retracing

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its earlier path after performing the

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checkpoint engine burn to begin its

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descent it made a second engine burn

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called match point to match bennu's

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rotation before backing away at an

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altitude of approximately 40 meters

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now the most crucial moment of the

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mission had arrived

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on october 20th 2020 at approximately 11

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30 a.m mountain time the spacecraft

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departed orbit

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a few hours before mission controllers

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on earth had sent the commands for the

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touch and go sample collection maneuver

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or tag

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as they watched with anticipation

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osiris-rex steered itself to sample site

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nightingale maneuvering toward the small

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crater at the walking pace of a spider

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at 4 11 pm the mission received

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confirmation osiris-rex had touched down

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and collected its sample

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following tag the spacecraft drifted to

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a safe distance away from bennu by the

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end of october mission controllers

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determined that it had exceeded its goal

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of collecting 60 grams of asteroid

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material they directed it to stow the

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sample in preparation for return to

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earth

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before departing venue osiris-rex was

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given one final task on april 7th it

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flew over site nightingale to observe

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how the sample collection event had

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changed the surface

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and with that osiris-rex had recorded